왕명자 Myung Ja Wang , 차남현 Nam Hyun Cha

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Abstract

This study attempted to develop fundamental data for East nursing intervention of nourish of life and health care from chronic disease augmented on the elderly. I understood that a point of nursing view and knowledges have limited to progress of life of quality on the oldman. In this context, this study was aimed to find out a possible of Eastern Nursing Sciences for the management of nourish of life and health care on the elderly and to suggest a distinct frame of Korean nursing intervention method which is unique. From the literature, this study identified that there are needed to intervene of livelihood of nourish of life, such as food and clothing, a feeling of moderation, moving and living(activity, sleeping, recumbency), sex for healthy and quality of life on the oldman. To propose, I suggested the traditional health method physically as Nursing intervention, such as Qi Kyong, Tae Kuk Kyun, Yuk Ja Kyoul, Oh Keum Hee etc and Moxibustion. Through there understand and percept importance and need of nourish of life on the elderly on results of literature view, as above, concrete East Nursing intervention of nourish of life on the elderly will be researched. Hence, we are needed to regain and to adapt Korean traditional health method which is the first draft on Korean Nursing tightly.

Key Words

노인 양생, Regimen on the Oldman

김귀분 Kwuy Bun Kim , 조결자 Kyoul Ja Cho , 이향련 Hyang Yeon Lee , 신혜숙 Hye Sook Shin , 김광주 Kwang Joo Kim , 문희자 Heui Ja Moon , 김윤희 Yoon Hee Kim , 강현숙 Hyun Sook Kang , 박신애 Shin Ae Park

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Abstract

This study, as a basic research to manage a Chinese Medicine Health Promotion Center by way of showing an example, is a before and after experiment research for simple group to verify a difference with cholesterol, health status and perception of health in order to confirm a effectiveness of diet and regimen according to the 4th status of physical constitution. Research object was chosen of 42 persons who operate a physical constitutional dietary regimen among them after selecting professors and clinical nurses (55 persons) majoring in the science of nursing who participated in Chinese Medicineoriented Nurse Training Course from Aug. of 2001 to Feb. of 2002 all over the country. Diagnostic tools for physical constitution was used of the questionary that is currently consisted of physical constitution grouping test in Eastern & Western Diagnose Center of K Medical Center, and rating of health status was used of the tool that standardized CMI(Cornell Medical Index) to be available for Korean, and perception measurement for health status was used of a visual analogue scale for the health status that each one perceive personally, and physiological status was measured of cholesterol in blood. Analysis for the collected data was carried out by percentage, χ2 test, paired t-test according to research object by using SPSS, and the results of this study are as follows. 1) There was no difference with cholesterol before or after the experiment for objects. As a result of estimation about difference with health status by areas before or after the experiment, there are more improved result in eyes, ears, digestive organs, bones and sinews organs, frequency of a disorder, habit, adaptation status, angry, healthy status than before the experiment. As a whole, after the experiment the health was more improved than before the experiment. As the result to inspect a difference of health perception between before and after experiment, after the experiment the health perception level was improved than before, however there was no meaningful differences. 2) As the result to inspect a difference of cholesterol between before and after experiment according to object`s physical constitution, in the case of So-yang-in(a person with the minimum male: according to the male and female principles(the sun and the moon) among the 4th status of physical constitution there was only meaningful difference statistically, however, after the experiment their cholesterol`s value was increased. As the result to inspect the difference of health status between before and after the experiment according to physical constitution, all of Ta-um-in(a person with maximum the female), So-yang-in(with the minimum male), So-um-in(with the minimum female) had a meaningful difference before and after the experiment, which means that in all case by physical constitutional groups, after the experiment their health status was more improved than before the experiment. As the result to inspect a difference of health perception between before and after according to physical constitutions, in the case of Tae-um-in and So-um-in, average score after the experiment was risen than before the experiment so that it means that the level of health perception was improved, however, there was no meaning statistically. According to the above results, if continuous diet and regimen by each physical constitutions could be implemented, it is certain that the health could be maintained and promoted. And, what we are healthy is for oneself to feel it subjectively. However, I think that cholesterol score in blood that we can view objectively could be changed distinctly if we can implement a strict diet and regimen. Accordingly, it is necessary for a method and period of experiment to be more strict and longer. According to the above results, I would like to suggest as follows. 1) In order to understand health status by Korean`s physical constitutions and to generalize it, these research will be repeated against much more objects that could be selected by proper grouping method to consider a representative. 2) It is necessary for a research to inspect health status by physical constitution by developing a health status measurement tool that has higher confidence and propriety based on physical constitutional theory.

Key Words

사상체질, 식이섭생, 건강, Sasang constitution, Diet regimen, Health

문희자 Heui Ja Moon , 김광주 Kwang Joo Kim , 박신애 Shin Ae Park , 김일원 Il Won Kim , 박화순 Hua Shun Park

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Abstract

This study is a descriptive comparative investigated one to analyze nursing education system and curriculum of Korea and China trans-culturally. 1) Education System The basic level of nursing education in Korea consisted of 65 3-year-junior college of nursing (7379 students) and 48 4-year-bachelor of nursing college (2345 students) in 2000 showing more 3-year-junior college of nursing and its students. In China, western nursing as well as Chinese nursing education system were operating. In 2000, 501 western school of middle technical nursing, 29 school of middle technical nursing of middle level education, and 89 3-year western and 24 Chinese junior college of nursing, and 42 4-year western bachelor of nursing college and 10 Chineses of high level education have been established. The presence of Chinese school of middle technical nursing system seemed to be in slower development in nursing than Korea, but that of Chinese nursing education seemed to be advanced with its national identification prior to Korea. Post graduate continuous education for RN-Diploma and RN-BSN program has been opened as in Korea. The Hosa(護士) system in school of middle technical nursing in China reflects lower level of education than Korea. But it can be a merit, other than in Korea, without nurses aids, when they are acting under supervision of nurses and led by them, and there presents a special course for promotion up to high level education. Graduate school in Korea is divided into general type opening a curriculum for MS in 1960 and as of 2000, 21 general types for majoring in nursing. The PhD course in Korea was established in 1978, and after that the PhD courses have been opening in 14 universities at present. China established master degree course in 1991 and as of 7 colleges are ongoing, and the doctoral course is now under planning, resulting slower development than Korea. 2) Education of theory and clinical practice in Korea and Chine ① Korea`s 3-year junior nursing college have 51 subjects, 49 subjects in China, which was not different. China was following education of ideology and medical. 4-year Bachelor of Science College has 92 subjects in Korea with cultural subjects and essential major studies/elective in theory education in Korea, while 63 subjects in China, showed wider selection in Korea`s education. ② Korea`s 3-year and 4-year nursing colleges performed clinical practice education parallel with theoretical education for a certain period, block or theory/practice system. While China`s 3-year and 4 or 5-year-colleges educated the theory first and then practice for one year in the last grade, integrating each situation of the departments and the theory. ③ Korea`s oriental nursing theory in nursing education was performed in 28 colleges of 65 nationwide ones of 3-year junior nursing colleges, but only one school was educating clinical practice. In 4-year bachelor of nursing colleges, the oriental nursing theory was done in 14 among 48 investigated. And 1-4 subjects of them were doing, and 4 schools perfomed of clinical practice, showing more reinforced than the junior colleges. China`s 3-year and 4-5-year western nursing colleges taught two subjects of Chinese medicine nursing. China`s 3-year & 4-5-year College of Chinese medicine nursing, theory of Chines medicine nursing education taught eight subjects. ④ 5-year colleges of Chinese medicine·western integrated nursing, theory of Chinese medicine nursing education consisted of twelve Chinese medicine nursing subjects and two of Chinese medicine·western integrated nursing subjects. China was tempting a new development of a pattern of Chinese medicine nursing subjects reinforced. 3) The verification of Korean and Chinese nurse`s license. The verification test of Chinese nurses license is differentiated at the level of education other than in Korea. Expire date is 2 years and a qualified test must be done to a renewal. And the continuing education hours are 72 per year, which is more enforced than Korean nurses (10 hours a year). In accordance with WTO regulations, we should prepare for opening foreign hospital, educating oriental nursing subjects. And on this, it is recommendable to settle a basic frame research to run the oriental nursing practice ongoing. 1. It is desirable to develop the oriental nursing subjects to apply its idea to the western nursing and differentiate Korean nursing. 2. It is desirable to certify oriental nurse`s characters, to expand and develop the nursing areas to practice it, and to establish the oriental nursing system. 3. It is expectable to promote Korean nursing specialization to develop the oriental nursing as a professional and to create its demand.

Key Words

간호교육제도, 간호교육과정, Nursing education system, Nursing curriculum

백경선 Kyoung Seon Baek

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Abstract

This study was conducted to understand and analyze experience of learning process support toward mothers of children who suffer from Cerebral Palsy, to generalize and structurize the meaning of practical learning process support, and to use the study results as basic materials for development of support model. Study subjects were 12 mothers who have Cerebral Palsy children attending an ordinary school and a school for handicapped children. Data were collected from November 10, 1999 to December 29, 2000 and from January 20 to March, 2001, for 2 months. Data were collected from un-structural and open questions. And the collected data were analyzed with the phenomenological analysis method proposed by van Kaam(1969). Study results obtained from this report were as follows; As for original materials about learning process support experience of cerebral palsy children`s mothers, 48 technical expressions were derived from 97 pieces of original materials, they were categorized into 10 common elements. Those common elements were , , , , , , , , , . Based on the above results, it is suggested that the concept of learning process support toward children suffering from Cerebral Palsy should be structureized, and proper models should be developed.

신혜숙 Hye Sook Shin

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Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of study was to extend the understanding and knowledge of hwa-byung by identify the relationship between anger and depression level in hwa-byung patients. Method: The subjects in this study were 69 hwa-byung patients who hwa-byung clinic in oriental hospital. The data were collected through the personal interviews with questionnaires and the period for data collection was from March. to June. 2001. The tools of the measurement were the anger scale that developed by Spielberg and translated by June, et al. The tools of the measurement were the Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale(CES-D) that developed by Radloff and translated by Shin. The data was analyzed by the SPSS computer program that included the descriptive statistics, χ2-test, t-test, ANOVA and pearson correlation. Result: 1. The mean score for anger was 17.4, 24.9, and the mean score of depression was 20.3. 2. There was the significant difference in the score for anger according to the age(t=7.02, p=.000), the marital status(t=3.34, p=.001), the average monthly income(t=5.48, p=.000), the occupation (t=2.18, p=.031). 3. There was the significant difference in the score for depression according to the age(t=3.58, p=.016), education(t=6.35, p=.002), the average monthly income(t=11.37, p=.000), 4. Anger in Hwa-byung patients showed significant correlation with depression level(r=.405, p=.000). Conclusion: From this study, a relationship between anger and depression in hwa-byung patients was identified. Therefore, nursing interventions are needed to assessment anger and depression level with hwa-byung patients.

Key Words

화병, 분노, 우울, Hwa-byung, Anger, Depression

원정숙 Jeong Sook Won , 김정화 Jeong Hwa Kim

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Abstract

The purpose of this study is to analyze the type of ego states and stress coping style on female college students who are in the course of nursing study. This study is performed in the view of Transactional Analysis and designed to scrutinize descriptive correlations between the type of ego states and stress coping style. The subject is consists of 144 freshmen and sophomore, 138 junior and senior students group, who are students of K nursing college located in Seoul. The sampling investigation period is on Sept. 14, 2002 to Oct. 26, 2002. The measuring instrument used for Transactional Analysis ego state is 50 items Ego-gram research paper devised by Dusay(1997). For studying coping style, Folkman & Lazarus`s measurement(1984) was adopted, which is translated and modified by Han, and Oh,(1990). Health states is adopted by standardized health inspecting instrumental table (Cornell Medical Index:CMI) which is desinged for Korean people by Ko and Park(1980) Statistic average and standard deviation were generated by using SPSS PC+, t=test and Pearson correlation. The results were as follows: 1) In the type of ego states on both groups indicated the arithmetic apex NP(maximum value), then the point A was high and the data made a down slope to point AC. In the comparison to type of ego states between two groups, only at point CP, the data value of upper year students represented higher than that of lower year ones by c(t=2.28, p= .023). 2) Stress coping style of whole students were highly and affirmatively dedicated to research. Especially hopeful aspect(t=.67, p=.05), relaxation of tension(t=-2.16, p=.03) made significant difference each other in the view of arithmetic calculation. 3) In view of nursing students` physical health states, there is significant difference in past history(t=2.50, p=.013) and in case of mental health states, there are considerable discrepancies between lower group(73.52) and upper group(75.11)(p＜.05). In view of all field, state of tension(t=2.13, p=.048) has difference. 4) While verifying coping style in terms of ego states level between lower and upper students group, In type CP, high level ego states group indicated significant difference on stress coping style area than low leveled group and made such sequences as the central point of problem, In type NP, sequences such as the central point of problem, In type A, the central point of problem, In type FC, hopeful aspect and In type AC, hopeful aspect and indifference were derived significantly different (p＜.05). 5) While verifying health state differences in the level of lower and upper ego states, In type FC, low level group(150.29) marked higher point than upper group(145.19), there is remarkable discrepancy and so did whole health state(p=.014), In type AC both mental state(p=.000) and whole health state (p=.015) showed differences. 6) When analyzing correlations between whole students` ego states, copying style and health state, all type of ego state showed differences(p＜.001). In correlations between ego state and health state, in type FC physical state had an apex and there are inverse correlations among the other types. Especially, type FC showed inverse correlations with great discrepancies(p＜.05). In mental state, type NP(γ=.198, p＜.001) and type A(γ=.166, p＜.05) represented straight correlations with remarkable differences. Especially, In type AC showed inverse correlations(γ=.282, p＜.001). In case of correlations between copying style and health state, indifference(γ=-.157) and relaxation of tension(γ=-.158) presented great difference(p＜.05). In mental state, central point of problem and search for social support showed straight correlations with great discrepancies(p＜.05), hopeful aspect and indifference showed inverse correlations with considerable differences(p＜.001).

Key Words

상호교류분석, 자아상태, 대처방법, 건강상태, Transactional analysis, Ego-states, Coping style, Health states

김병은 Byung Eun Kim , 이향련 Hyang Yeon Lee

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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Moxibustion on urinary incontinence, voiding performance, muscle strength of the hip and ADL in stroke patients. The subjects of this study were 20 stroke patients hospitalized at the division of oriental medicine in K university Hospital in the period from December 26, 2001 to March 15, 2002. The research design was one group pretest-posttest design. The pretest and posttest included measuring frequency of incontinence, voiding performance score, healthy and paralytic muscle strength of the hip, and the performance level for ADL after Moxibustion for one week. Data was analyzed using the SPSS package program with Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test. The result of this study were as follows: 1) The frequency of incontinence was decreased from 3.80(SD=3.41) to 2.10(SD=2.10) after Moxibustion, and that was statistically significant(z=-3.803, p=.000). 2) The score of voiding performance was increased from 22.15(SD=12.04) to 30.65(SD=14.73) after Moxibustion, and that was statistically significant(z=-3.828, p=.000). 3) The healthy muscle strength of the hip was increased from 25.97(SD=26.87) to 46.00 (SD=40.75) after Moxibustion, and that was statistically significant(z=-3.183, p=.001). 4) The paralytic muscle strength was increased from 17.42(SD=27.04) to 33.58(SD=37.28) after Moxibustion, and that was statistically significant(z=-2.315, p=.021). 5) The performance level for ADL was inreased from 17.15(SD=9.52) to 24.60(SD=13.38) after Moxibustion, and that was statistically significant(z=-3.416, p=.001). According to the results of this study, Moxibustion is effective for decreasing urinary incontinence, and improving voiding performance, muscle strength of the hip and ADL. Consequently, these findings showed that Moxibustion is effective in improvement of urinary incontinence in stroke patients.

Key Words

구(뜸)요법, 요실금, 배뇨수행, 둔근근력, ADL, 뇌졸중, Moxibustion, Incontinence, Voiding performance, Muscle strength of the hip, ADL, Stroke

조결자 Kyoul Ja Cho

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Abstract

The purposes of this study were to identify the relationship between parent and child with chronic illness and developmental disability, and to review the strategy for improvement of their relationship. The effects of chronic illness and developmental disability is that the child has delayed growth and development, and his(her) parent has sadness, guilty feeling, anxiety, grief, disappointment, low self-esteem, anger and resentment. Chronic illness and developmental disability also have a negative effect to the parental marital relationship. The reaction of parent and child varies in age of onset, a developmental transition period, crisis and parent-child relationship. Through this study, I propose that parent-child relationship could be improved by touch, communication between them and education for parents.

Key Words

만성질환, 발달장애, 부모-자녀관계, Chronic illness, Developmental disability, Parent-child relationship

현경선 Kyung Sun Hyun , 이향련 Hyang Yeon Lee , 백승남 Seung Nam Paik , 공송심 Song Cim Kong , 윤경자 Kyung Ja Yoon , 김현섭 Hyun Sub Kim , 김효남 Hoy Nam Kim , 최지원 Ji Won Choi , 김운정 Woon Jong Kim

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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of hand massage program on total sleep hours at night and satisfaction of sleep in clients with ischemic heart disease. The design utilized for this study was quasi-experimental with a nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design. The subjects were fifty-four patients, twenty-eight for the experimental and twenty-six for the control group, who were admitted with ischemic heart diease at cardiac intensive care unit in K medical center of K university. This study was carried out from May, 1999 to March, 2000. Hand massage was carried out at 8∼9 PM, once a day for 3 days. Total sleep hours at night were measured from 9 PM through 6AM next morning. Sleep hours of subjects were observed 30 minutes interval. Satisfaction of sleep was measured by Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) at 7 AM next morning. The collected data were processed by using the SPSS PC program and analyzed using χ2-test and repeated measures of ANOVA. The result of this study are as follows: 1. The total sleep hours at night of the experimental group were not higher than those of the control group. 2. The satisfaction of sleep of the experimental group was not higher than that of the control group. In conclusion, hand massage did not promoted sleep in ICU clients with ischemic heart disease.

Key Words

손마사지, 허혈성 심질환, 수면, Hand massage, Ischemic heart Disease, Sleep